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介绍球盒模型指的是把球放入盒子里的题目模型(强行解释)
分为盒子同或不同,球同或不同,盒子允许空或不空,所以一共八种问题
结论不妨假设n个球,m个盒子
盒异,球同,盒子允许空 $C_{m+n-1}^{m-1}$
盒异,球同,盒不允许空$C_{n-1}^{m-1}$
盒同,球同,盒子允许空$\begin{aligned}\prod _{j=1}^{m}\frac{1}{1-x^{j}}\end{aligned}$中的$x^n$系数
盒同,球同,盒不允许空$\begin{aligned}x^m\prod _{j=1}^{m}\frac{1}{1-x^{j}}\end{aligned}$中$x^n$的系数
盒异,球异,盒子允许空 $m^n$
盒异,球异,盒不允许空$\begin{aligned}\sum _{k=0}^{m}(C_m^k(-1)^{m-k}k^n)\end{aligned}$
盒同,球异,盒子允许空$$\begin{aligned}\sum_{i=0}^{m} \sum_{k=0}^i\frac{C_i^k(-1)^{i-k}k^n}{i!}\end{aligned}$$
盒同,球异,盒不允许空$\begin{aligned}\sum _{k=0}^m\frac{C_m^k(-1)^{m-k}k^n}{m!}\end{aligned}$
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